Kizel
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The emergence of the city is connected with the discovery of iron ore deposits along Kizel and Maly Kizel rivers in 1750. In 1762 first mine was started. In 1786 coal deposit was found.
On July 3, 1788, the dam on the Kizel River was put into operation. This date is taken as the origin of a significant settlement on the site of the modern town of Kizel.
In 1789 the Kizelovsky factory was started up. In 1880, the production of coal in Kizelovsky basin made 5.3 million poods, and in 1900, 21.1 million poods. Thanks to the development of the industry in the Kama region, the Urals ranked third in the Russian Empire (after Donbas and Poland) in terms of coal production. In 1900 there were 36 active mines and adits in Kizelovsky basin. Abamelek-Lazarevs family were the biggest owners of the mines. Kizel mines belonging to them were notable for their technical level, partial mechanization and electrification.
On April 5, 1926, Kizel was transformed from a workers' settlement to a town by resolution of the Presidium of the All-Union Central Executive Committee.
The town was developing most intensively as the centre of an industrial area in 1930-the 1950s. In 1960, the peak of production was reached (12 mln tonnes), after which Kizel coal basin started to decline: in 1980 the production amounted to about 6 mln tonnes, in 1990 - 3.2 mln tonnes. The main reason for the production decline was the high cost of coal due to difficult mining and geological conditions and the inability to develop the deposits by open-pit mining due to the great depth of occurrence of coal seams.
The decline of the city's industry caused its population to shrink in the 1960s and 1980s. In the 1990s, after the collapse of the industry management system, which for decades subsidised unprofitable mines, it was decided to liquidate the mines. Coal production was finally terminated in 2000.
The post-Soviet period of Kizel's history is characterised by a prolonged industrial crisis; nevertheless, there are prospects for the development of mineral deposits other than coal in the Kizelovsky district, as well as the possibility of creating a tourist destination.
Map - Kizel
Map
Country - Russia
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| Flag of Russia | |
The East Slavs emerged as a recognisable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries CE. The first East Slavic state, Kievan Rus', arose in the 9th century, and in 988, it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire. Rus' ultimately disintegrated, with the Grand Duchy of Moscow growing to become the Tsardom of Russia. By the early 18th century, Russia had vastly expanded through conquest, annexation, and the efforts of Russian explorers, developing into the Russian Empire, which remains the third-largest empire in history. However, with the Russian Revolution in 1917, Russia's monarchic rule was abolished and replaced by the Russian SFSR—the world's first constitutionally socialist state. Following the Russian Civil War, the Russian SFSR established the Soviet Union (with three other Soviet republics), within which it was the largest and principal constituent. At the expense of millions of lives, the Soviet Union underwent rapid industrialization in the 1930s, and later played a decisive role for the Allies of World War II by leading large-scale efforts on the Eastern Front. With the onset of the Cold War, it competed with the United States for global ideological influence; the Soviet era of the 20th century saw some of the most significant Russian technological achievements, including the first human-made satellite and the first human expedition into outer space.
Currency / Language
| ISO | Currency | Symbol | Significant figures |
|---|---|---|---|
| RUB | Russian ruble | ₽ | 2 |
| ISO | Language |
|---|---|
| CE | Chechen language |
| CV | Chuvash language |
| KV | Komi language |
| RU | Russian language |
| TT | Tatar language |